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A | 外星人再次刷屏幕…昨天，媒体报道说，科学家发表了一篇论文说“在宇宙深处已经探测到神秘的无线电信号”，人们开始讨论宇宙深处的神秘信号是否应该得到响应。外星人来了吗？你转发信息时有“不回应”吗？但事实上，你理解这篇论文吗？根据1月9日在《自然》杂志上发表的两篇论文，加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的加拿大氢强度测绘实验（CHIME）射电望远镜在短短两个月内探测到多达13次新的快速射电爆发（FRB）事件。其中七个新发现的快速无线电风暴的频率接近400兆赫，这是迄今为止探测到的最低频率的频响。
B | 此外，一个FRB信号被重复，历史上只有一个FRB病例被重复。
C | 这次，特别的一点是信号已经重复了六次，这确实是一个值得注意的新发现。
D | "Gov. Abbott is right; the Biden policies are directly responsible for encouraging migrants to pay smugglers to bring them across the border illegally, and for enriching the smuggling organizations to the extent that they have expanded their deadly business so much over the last 18 months," says Jessica M Vaughan, director of policy studies at the Center for Immigration Studies based in Washington, DC.,She believes that "until the Biden policies are changed to deter and prevent these mass illegal crossings and to impose consequences on illegal migrants, it’s only going to continue and to get worse.","It’s not possible to curb the illegal migration without policy changes," Vaughan insists.,Following Joe Biden's decision to reverse his predecessor's border policies, the number of illegal entries started to rise. On March 10, 2021, US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) encountered 100,441 persons attempting entry along the southwest border in February 2021, which represented a 28% increase over January 2021, when Biden was sworn in. US immigration experts noted at that time that Biden's campaign vows to impose a deportation moratorium, extend protections for those called "Dreamers" and provide a path to citizenship for about 11 million illegals, invigorated migrant caravans.,Melting Pot: How Biden's Immigration Reform May Backfire on US Economy & His Political Future19 January 2021, 20:10 GMT,The US Customs and Border Protection reported in June 2022 about a staggering 239,416 encounters along the southwest land border in May, which represented a 2% increase compared to April. Of those, 25% involved individuals who had at least one prior encounter in the previous 12 months, the report reads. The flow of illicit narcotics including cocaine, methamphetamines, heroin, fentanyl, and marijuana across the border has also been increasing, according to the CBP.,The unfolding border crisis has long been in the making, according to Dr. Aileen Teague, an immigration expert from the Texas A&M Bush School of Government and Public Service.,"President Biden's current immigration policies are not solely his," she says. "They follow decades of an inability to reach consensus on both sides of the aisle. Biden has been a bit 'wishy washy' on Migrant Protection Protocols (MPP) and telling immigrants to 'not come' soon after entering the White House, but besides a murky rhetoric of reform, many of 'his' policies long predate his presidency.",Border Crisis: Who Wants to Flood the US With Migrants and Why?21 March 2021, 16:26 GMT,What's Behind the Federal Government's Inaction?,Last week, Republican Rep. Andy Biggs described the situation at the US-Mexico border as "overrun," "out of control" and "dangerous". He also predicted more deaths would soon be discovered. Nevertheless, "the federal government has not lifted a finger to help the states cope with this influx," according to Vaughan.,"The reason that the Biden administration has not acted to regain control of the border is because they are not concerned about the harm to American communities that this crisis is causing," she says. "They are isolated from its costs, and they hope to reap political benefits, in the form of support from the special interests who profit from this influx, which include certain big businesses, ethnic advocacy groups, and a few leftist politicians.",Republicans are accusing the Democrats of deliberately loosening border policies and promising to legalize illegals to beef up their electoral base. Immigration reform could become an "electoral bonanza" for the Dems, Politico noted in April 2013. At the same time, a 2013 Pew Research revealed that of the Latino immigrants who are eligible to vote, "many more identify as Democrats than as Republicans – 54% versus 11%.",Meanwhile, many powerful US business lobbies such as the agricultural industry, rely on exploiting cheap and illegal non-citizens for seasonal labor. Out of 11.3 million illegals, eight million have jobs, according to CBS News. The basic rights of these unauthorized workers aren't protected. In addition to that, big business capitalizes on mass immigration to drive wages down and to combat organized labor.,DeSantis Advises Migrants Escorted to Washington DC: 'Do Not Come' to Florida14 April, 17:35 GMT,Local Leaderships Struggle With Illegal Entries,Some Republican-controlled states have tried to tackle the border crisis through a series of local legislative initiatives and border operations.,In particular, the Texas governor and attorney general withstood Biden's executive order signed on day one of his presidency stipulating a 100-day pause on the deportation of illegal immigrants. On March 5, 2021, Gov. Abbott kicked off Operation Lone Star, bringing together the Texas Department of Public Safety and the Texas National Guard to prevent Mexican cartels and other smugglers from moving drugs and people into the state.,"State and local leaders along the border and beyond should be using any and all state authorities to disrupt human smuggling and trafficking pathways using existing laws," says Vaughan. "In addition, they should try to discourage or penalize the NGOs and other entities that contract with the federal government to resettle the migrants, including the child welfare agencies, charter transportation companies and charity assistance groups.",However, the fight to curb the tide of illegal migration could be accompanied with human right abuses, warns Aileen Teague:,"Local leadership in many places supports grassroots initiatives to ensure that outside of politics, immigration policies don't have offshoots that affect human rights," she says. "In the absence of hire level reforms, initiatives of basic human decency are badly needed as are local and mid-level leaders who are willing to share their experiences.",© AFP 2022 / DREW ANGERERWASHINGTON, DC - JUNE 21: U.S. President Joe Biden arrives to speak about Covid-19 vaccines for children, in the Roosevelt Room of the White House on June 21, 2022 in Washington, DC.WASHINGTON, DC - JUNE 21: U.S. President Joe Biden arrives to speak about Covid-19 vaccines for children, in the Roosevelt Room of the White House on June 21, 2022 in Washington, DC.© AFP 2022 / DREW ANGERER,Are Migrant Deaths Yet Another Punch to Biden?,The latest gruesome discovery of 51 dead migrants in Texas could deal "another blow to Biden’s presidency and will further tarnish his legacy of incompetence in the minds of voters," according to Vaughan.,A number of Republican politicians have already raised their voices against the Democratic administration's handling of the border issue.,"How many more people have to die before Dems give a da--?" asked Texas Senator Ted Cruz commenting on the matter, as quoted by Fox News.,GOP Rep. Tony Gonzales from Texas criticized US Secretary of Homeland Security Alejandro Mayorkas for the suffocation deaths of trafficked migrants:,"Today in San Antonio it was 102 degrees. Imagine being abandoned inside an 18-wheeler left to die - 42 people died today - will @AliMayorkas even mention their names?" Gonzales tweeted.,However, given that Joe Biden and the Dems have a lot on their plate, including disrupted supply chains, growing inflation and looming recession, it's unlikely that the recent tragedy would make the matters any worse, some observers believe. Possibly, the Texan tragedy will be also overshadowed by the nation-wide debate on the Supreme Court's decision to overturn the Roe v. Wade abortion ruling, according to Teague.,"I'm not convinced that Biden's immigration and border security policies will be detrimental to the Democrats at midterms," she presumes.。13快速无线风暴动画草图NRAO外展/T.Jarrett（IPAC/Caltech）；B.Saxton，NRAO/AUI/NSF Highlight！本文所提及的FRB发现的主要意义在于，FRB的发现次数仅为60次以上。在13个新发现的FRB事件中，有的频率较低，有的是重复信号，相当于新类型信号的发现。它丰富了我们的快速无线电突发事件数据库，帮助我们了解FRB的性质。到目前为止，论文的结论是。要想出版这样一篇顶级的论文，就需要新的发现。如果只找到FRB事件，就不可能发表自然论文。本文的发现是基于对这些相对低频和重复信号的发现，没有任何与外星人有关的声明。所以关于宇宙深处这个神秘的无线电信号探测事件最有趣的事情是：这些信号是从哪里来的？我们不知道！在完全理解FRB之前，所有的可能性都存在。当然，外星人并非不可能，但可能性有多大？每时每刻，宇宙中各种天体都会发出各种电磁辐射。除了无线电波和微波，还有能量更高的辐射类型，如X射线和伽马辐射。
E | 宇宙中有一种神秘的现象，它发生得很快，放射出很高的能量，很快就消失了。它被称为“快速无线电爆发”（frbs），持续时间很短，通常只有几毫秒。这是一种银河系外的无线电波，其物理起源尚不清楚。它可以释放相当于太阳一整天释放的能量，因此它可以在数十亿光年之外。以上已经观察到，但它们的具体生产机制仍存在争议。有些人甚至认为这是外星人发出的信号。我们如何检测这些神秘的信号？你可以看到这段视频来说明为什么我们的理解如此模糊，主要是因为缺乏数据。自从2007年天文学家首次发现FRB以来，人类只记录了大约60次这样的事件。
F | 但近年来，相关案件数量迅速增加。探测到的FRB1121102是唯一一次观测到的重复性快速无线电风暴。此外，过去快速风暴记录的最低无线电频率是700兆赫。根据自然科学，在一篇论文中，CHIME/FRB合作项目报告了加拿大氢强度测绘实验（CHIME）仪器最近检测到的13次快速无线风暴，其中至少7次的频率为400兆赫（目前记录的最低频率）。妗FRB 180814.J0422 73位置。
G | 在另一篇论文中，CHIME/FRB合作项目最近检测到的13次快速无线电风暴的动态谱中，CHIME/FRB合作项目指出，在新检测到的快速无线电风暴中，一次名为FRB 180814.J0422 73的快速无线电风暴将反复爆发，只是第二次。
H | 作者报告了6次检测到的重复性疫情，这些疫情似乎来自同一地点。据估计，这些喷发起源于距地球15亿光年的地方，大约是另一次重复性风暴FRB1121102的一半。作者指出了两次重复的风暴之间的一些相似之处，或表明它们具有相似的辐射机制或传播效应。FRB 180814.J0422 73快速无线爆发的射频和时间图。当然，科学家并不完全不知道这些问题。例如，它们的起源以前被认为是来自遥远宇宙中的超新星爆炸，或者说是超大质量黑洞。英属哥伦比亚大学天体物理学家、钟声望远镜科学组成员英格丽德·斯泰尔斯说：“直到最近，我们只记录了一次FRB信号的重复。”他说：“随着更多的重复和源数据的出现，我们将有机会加深对这个宇宙的了解。
I | 是的，比如他们是从哪里来的？它们发生的原因是什么？哈佛-史密森天体物理中心的资深科学家阿维-勒布并未直接参与这项研究，但他对这项研究发表了评论，并表示，目前我们不能排除“人工起源”的可能性，例如来自外星航天器的脉冲信号，因为科学家观察到的FRB事件的数据是OT非常大，那么FRB事件的起源是什么？不可能给出明确而科学的解释。
J | 说到这一点，我们会立即联想到“三体”中的“不答，不答”。事实上，我们不能排除这是外星人发送给我们的信号。与刘慈新有媒体联系。他认为这种无线电波应该得到认真的响应。但许多类似的无线电波已被证明是自然现象，而不是外星生命。刘慈新还说，如果是他自己的，他可能暂时不回复，等待更多的信息收集后再做决定。无论如何，这些新发现的信号将帮助科学家更接近问题的最终真相。换言之，这是第二种情况的frb信号，它本身可以排除许多现有的遗传理论。这些重建的信号来自夜空中的同一点，估计距离地球约15亿光年，在几个月内重复6次。事实上，这种重复本身已经排除了一些灾难，例如超新星爆炸，因为恒星死亡时的最后一次爆炸只发生一次。此外，加拿大团队的新发现表明，frbs可能比以前想象的更常见，但我们目前的技术在检测方面可能仍然存在一些缺陷。另一个事实是，多达七个信号的频率只有400兆赫，这是历史上已知的最低频率，但这也是蜂鸣器可以检测到的最低频率限制。这意味着，如果频率较低的FRB通过地球，我们实际上无法探测到它们。欧盟国家天文台研究员陈雪莉说，这是加拿大编钟望远镜的一个重要新发现。中国团队开发的天震望远镜阵列与钟声非常相似。它具有很大的视场，非常适合搜索这种偶然信号。奇美尔成功地发现了许多FRB，这证明了这种望远镜的价值。在几年前发现第一个frb后，我们提出了开发frb数字处理终端进行frb搜索的希望。去年，在国家天文台前期研究基金的支持下，启动了一个小型实验系统。现在硬件已经生产出来了。
K | 预计今年上半年将安装在天基望远镜上。
L | 陈雪莉还说：“至于公众的强烈兴趣，可能是关注它是否是外星人发出的信号。
M | 这种可能性很小。这更有可能是一种自然现象。对以往发现的一次重复性风暴的爆炸规律进行了统计分析，发现其与地震规律相似。因此，我们假设它可能是由中子星的恒星冲击引起的。这一新发现的重复风暴将有助于我们进一步分析这一现象并检验我们的理论。
N | 这一发现的另一个亮点是，他们在较低的频率发现了frb，这是由诸如mwa和lofar等低频望远镜搜索到的，但没有被发现，因此一些人怀疑这种辐射只发生在较高的频率，这为其辐射机制提供了线索。
o | 但这一发现表明，这不一定是真的。
p | 由于嵌合体的观测频率仍高于Lofar和Mwa，所以这个问题还没有完全解决，但这表明FRB仍有很多研究。综上所述，科学家对探测宇宙深处神秘的无线电信号非常科学、专业和谨慎。目前，本文发表的观测资料甚至都不是证据。外星人的可能性应该是科学理论中最后一个。不管我们是否想回答外星人的问题，我们都不需要先考虑它，等待更多的观测数据，期待科学。家里真的能找到神秘宇宙信号的原因。
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